Phenibut en dopamine

In chemical structure, phenibut is a phenyl derivative of GABA. Although the calming action is similar to other GABA agonists, phenibut binds to the GABAB metabotropic receptor, the same site responsible for the sedative effects of baclofen (the para-chloro derivative of phenibut) and γ-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), although GHB also acts at the GHB receptor.[6] There is dispute in the literature about whether or not Phenibut binds to the GABAA ionotropic receptor, which is responsible for the actions of the benzodiazepines, barbiturates, z-drugs, and for some of the effects of ethanol. According to Allikmetz and Ryage (1983) and Shulgina (1986) phenibut does bind to the GABAA receptor,[3] but according to Lapin (2001) it does not.[1] In the case of the former, it is argued that the GABAA binding only occurs at higher concentrations.[3]
The literature that supports the nootropic effects of phenibut also suggest it elicits tranquilizing effects,[1] reduction of stress and anxiety, improvement of impaired sleep, and the potentiation of the effects of tranquilizers, narcotics, and neuroleptics. It is also suggested to have an anticonvulsant effect,[3] though studies on other GABAB agonists, such as GHB and the phenibut analogue baclofen, have shown them to act as potential convulsants.[citation needed] It should be noted, however, that GHB acts on the convulsion-inducing GHB receptor,[7] which phenibut does not.

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